Publications

Introduction to Task 38:

• Introduction to “Greenhouse Gas Balances of Biomass and Bioenergy Systems” (PDF)
• Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ): “Answers to ten frequently asked questions about bioenergy, carbon sinks and their role in global climate change” (PDF)
• Description of IEA Task 38 “Task38 Description 2013” (PDF)
• Joint statement from the workshop, held May 19-20, 2014 in Copenhagen, on “Forests, bioenergy and climate change mitigation(PDF)”

Background Papers:

• IEA Bioenergy Task Report for 2001-2003 “Task Report 2001-2003” (PDF)
• General Introduction to “The Role of Bioenergy in Greenhouse Gas Mitigation” (PDF)
  A position paper prepared by IEA Bioenergy Task 25 “Greenhouse Gas Balances of Bioenergy Systems”. November 1998
• “Accounting system considerations: CO2 emissions from forests, forest products, and land-use change. a Statement from Edmonton.” (PDF)
  M. Apps, T. Karjalainen, G. Marland, and B. Schlamadinger. July 1997.
• “Project-based greenhouse gas accounting: guiding principles with focus on baselines.” (PDF)
  L. Gustavsson, T. Karjalainen, G. Marland, I. Savolainen, B. Schlamadinger, and M. Apps. December 1998

Case Studies

Short interesting Case Studies worldwide showcasing bioenergy technologies and innovative ways to reduce GHG emissions.

• Greenhouse Gas (GHG) and energy analysis of an ethanol-oriented biorefinery in Austria based on wood
  Austria Case Study Brochure final.pdf
  Austria Case Study Long form final.pdf
• Wood-based biodiesel in Finland: Market-mediated impacts on emission
  Finnish Case Study Brochure – final.pdf
• Environmental Assessment of Liquid Biofuel from Woody Biomass in Germany
  German Case Study Brochure 2012.pdf
  Germany_2012_Long.pdf
• Reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and oil use through di-methyl ether and Fischer-Tropsch diesel production in Swedish chemical pulp mills
  Swedish Case Study Brochure – formatted final.pdf
• Greenhouse Gas (GHG) and energy analysis of a bioethanol oriented biorefinery based on wood
  Francesco Cherubini , Gerfried Jungmeier and David Neil Bird
  Bioref Case Study T38_Long_v4 clean.doc

Publications:

• Kati Koponen, Sampo Soimakallio, Keith L. Kline, Annette Cowie, Miguel Brandão, June 2017
  Quantifying the Climate Effects of Bioenergy – Choice of Reference System 
• Johan Stendahl, Anna Repo, Torun Hammar, Jari Liski, May 2017
  Climate Impact Assessments of Forest Bioenergy Affected by Decomposition Modelling – Comparison of the Q and Yasso Models 
• A. Cowie, M. Brandão, U. Fritsche, G. Berndes, M. Junginger and C.T. (Tat) Smith, April 2017
  Forests, bioenergy and climate change mitigation. Report of a workshop held 19-20 May 2014, Copenhagen
• Pierre Y. Bernier and Ryan M. Bright, March 2016
  ALBEDO EFFECTS OF BIOMASS PRODUCTION: A REVIEW. Report to the IEA – Bioenergy Task 43 & Task 38
• Annette Cowie, Göran Berndes, Tat Smith, April 2013
  On the timing of Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Benefits of Forest-Based Bioenergy
• S. Woess-Gallasch, N. Bird, A. Cowie, December 2011
  Editorial: Land use impacts of bioenergy. Selected papers from the IEA Bioenergy Task 38 meetings in Helsinki, 2009 and Brussels, 2010
• N.Bird, N. Pena, G. Zanchi and D. Frieden, June 2011
  Alternative GHG Accounting Systems for Bioenergy: Descriptions and Evaluations
• A. Tuerk, A. Cowie, A. Leopold, March 2011
  The influence of Emissions Trading Schemes on bioenergy use.
• Bird D. N. et al., 2010
  Emissions from bioenergy: Improved accounting options and new policy needs.
• Pingoud K., Cowie A., Bird N., Gustavsson L., Rüter S., Sathre R., Soimakallio S., Türk A., Woess-Gallasch S. Letters to Science. VOL 327 (2010), p. 1199 – 1200.
  Bioenergy: Counting on Incentives. Response to the paper by D. Searchinger et. al.
• Joint IEA Bioenergy Task29/38/40 Expert Consultation, Dubrovnik, 25-26 October, 2007 and Task 38 workshop on direct and indirect land use change, Helsinki 30 March-1 April 2009
  Sustainability of Bioenergy
• Francesco Cherubini et. al, Elsevier, June 2009
  Energy- and greenhouse gas-based LCA of biofuel and bioenergy systems: Key issues, ranges and recommendations. 
• N. Bird, S. Woess-Gallasch
  Incorporating changes in albedo in estimating the climate mitigating benefits of bioenergy projects 
• N. Bird et al
  Bioenergy: the relationship with Greenhouse Gases in Agriculture and Forestry
• Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for global Change, Vol. 11, Nos. 5-6, September-November 2006
  Special Issue: Efficient Use of Biomass for Mitigating Climate Change
• B. Schlamadinger, A. Faaij, M. Junginger, S. Woess-Gallasch and E. Daugherty
  T 38 and 40 Brochure on Bioenergy Trade
• Annette Cowie
  T38 Soil Carbon Brochure
• B. Schlamadinger, A. Faaij, M. Junginger, S. Woess-Gallasch and E. Daugherty
  Options for Trading Bioenergy Products and Services (PDF), In: IEA Bioenergy Annual Report 2005
• A. Cowie, K. Pingoud, K. Robertson, B. Schlamadinger, and other experts participating in IEA Bioenergy Task 38
  Key terms used in greenhouse gas reporting and accounting for the land use, land use change and forestry sector (PDF)
• Paris Biomass Conference (Paper & Poster):
  Paper: “Optimizing the Greenhouse Gas Benefits of Bioenergy Systems” (PDF) 
  Poster: “Optimizing the Greenhouse Gas Benefits of Bioenergy Systems” (PDF)
• GHG Emissions for Fertiliser Production:
  “A Review of Greenhouse Gas Emission Factors for Fertiliser Production” (PDF)
• BIOMITRE Software Tool Introduction: (presented in Rome at World Conference of Biomass 2004):
  “Development of standard tool for evaluating greenhouse gas balances and cost effectiveness of biomass energy technologies” (PDF)
• Trading: presented in Rome at World Conference of Biomass 2004
  “Should we trade biomass, electricity , renewable certificates, or CO2 credits?” (PDF)
• Clean Development Mechanism: (presented in Rome at World Conference of Biomass 2004)
  “Bioenergy and the Clean Development Mechanism” (PDF)
• Harvested Wood Products in GHG Inventories:
  Approaches for inclusion of harvested wood products in future GHG inventories under the UNFCCC, and their consistency with the overall UNFCCC inventory reporting framework (PDF)

Journal and Conference Papers:

• Towards a standard methodology for greenhouse gas balances of bioenergy systems in comparison with fossil energy systems.
  B Schlamadinger, M Apps, F Bohlin, L Gustavsson, G Jungmeier, G Marland, K Pingoud, I Savolainen. 1997. Biomass and Bioenergy, 13: 359-375.
• Land use, land-use change, and forestry in the Kyoto Protocol.
  B. Schlamadinger (ed). 1999. Special Issue of Environmental Science and Policy, Volume 2, Number 2.
• Project-based greenhouse gas accounting: guiding principles with focus on baselines and additionality.
  L. Gustavsson, T. Karjalainen, G. Marland, I. Savolainen, B. Schlamadinger, and M. Apps. 2000. Energy Policy, 28: S. 935-946.
• IEA Bioenergy – a summary of 5 years work on “bioenergy and greenhouse gases.
  K.A. Robertson and B. Schlamadinger. Proceedings of the 1st Conference on Biomass for Energy and Industry. Sevilla, Spain. 5-9 June 2000.
• Should we trade biomass, electricity, renewable certificates, or CO2 credits?
  B. Schlamadinger, A. Faaij and E. Daugherty. 2004. 2nd World Biomass Conference. Rome, Italy.
• Stock changes or fluxes? Resolving terminological confusion in the debate on land-use change and forestry.
  A.L. Cowie, K. Pingoud, and B. Schlamadinger. Climate Policy 6. 2006. 161–179.
• IEA Bioenergy Task 38. Ten years of analysing the greenhouse gas balances of bioenergy systems.
  Neil Bird et al. 17th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition. 29 June – 03 July 2009. Hamburg, Germany.

Background: List of Abstracts from key publications concerning GHG of Biomass and Bioenergy Systems.

Also see 1998-1995 Selected National Studies